13 Successful People Who Overcame Homelessness

13 Successful People Who Overcame Homelessness Individuals so regularly make suppositions about what vagrancy is and means and who succumbs to it. Additionally, they make inverse suspicions about progress. Before you choose you realize what either implies throughout everyday life, consider this rundown of rich and well known individuals who once in the past battled with vagrancy. 1. J LoWhen Jennifer Lopez left her mother’s house when she was 18 to turn into an artist and lived all alone, a few evenings resting on a bed in a move studio until she got her enormous break.2. Steve JobsYou probably won't understand that Steve Jobs was a school dropout. He was likewise destitute for a short period, having surrendered his apartment. Leaving school was at last the correct call for him, yet he had to spend some time gathering soft drink containers to have the option to stand to purchase nourishment for himself.3. JewelJewel lived out of her vehicle as an adolescent, and possibly hauled herself out of that circumstance when she got her first record deal.4. Sylvester StalloneBefore Rocky, the film star got himself destitute and needed to sell his pooch for $50. After he sold the content, he repurchased his closest companion for $3,000.5. Halle BerryWhen battling to make it as an entertainer, Halle Berry invested energy in a destitute safe house. She proceeded to win an Academy Award.6. Chris PrattChris Pratt supposedly invested energy living out of a van in Hawaii until he propelled his profession with Cursed Part 3. 7. Jim CarreyMaybe his extraordinary comical inclination originates from the way that he and his family lived in a VW transport they stopped all through Canada when he dropped out of secondary school. They even spent some time living in a tent on his sister’s garden with their van stopped in her driveway.8. Dr. PhilMr. Self improvement himself was once destitute, and living in a vehicle with his dad in Kansas City as his dad finished a temporary job in psychology.9. Suze OrmanWould you acce pt the budgetary self improvement star was destitute for four months in 1973 and lived out of her vehicle? She’s worth about $35 million now.10. Daniel CraigBond, James Bond used to need to rest on park seats when he was a battling on-screen character in London. He’s now 46 and worth over $65 million.11. Ella FitzgeraldElla had some difficult situations as a young lady. What's more, without a doubt was destitute for a while not long before she featured at the Apollo theater in Harlem and appearing her vocation in 1934.12. Hillary SwankWhen she moved to LA to begin her acting vocation, she and her mom rested in their car.13. Kelly ClarksonThe American Idol star lost her first LA condo to a fire and needed to live out of her vehicle or in covers before her large tryout.

African American Characteristics Paper Essay

African American culture in the United States alludes to the social commitments of Americans of African plunge to the way of life of the United States, either as a component of or particular from American culture. The unmistakable character of African American culture is established in the recorded understanding of the African American individuals. The way of life is both particular and gigantically persuasive to American culture overall. African-American culture is established in Africa. It is a mix of mostly sub-Saharan African and Sahelean societies. In spite of the fact that bondage significantly limited the capacity of Americans of African plunge to rehearse their social conventions, numerous practices, qualities, and convictions endure and after some time have changed or mixed with European American culture. There are a few aspects of African American culture that were complemented by the servitude time frame. The outcome is an exceptional and dynamic culture that has had and keeps on profoundly affecting standard American culture, just as the way of life of the more extensive world† (Rydell, 2010). Learning Team B has picked African Americans as the socially various gathering we will concentrate on. The subjects in this paper will be African American history, family attributes, child rearing practices, language, and religion. Additionally, the essential attributes of African Americans and how those qualities sway their experience as a subculture in American Society will be a theme. The last point will be the ramifications of the attributes for mental hypotheses and practices. History African Americans are the relatives of Africans brought to America during the servitude period. Many were claimed as property and compelled to fill in as day workers in the fields or as hirelings in their owner’s homes. Others were permitted to work off their obligations by being limb and sold on â€Å"the block†. An article titled â€Å"The Slave Auction of 1859 gives a short record of what it was to be sold on â€Å"the block†: â€Å"The purchasers, who were available to the quantity of around 200, bunched around the stage; while the Negroes, who were not liable to be promptly needed, assembled into tragic gatherings out of sight to watch the advancement of the selling in which they were so miserably intrigued. The breeze wailed outside, and through the open side of the structure the driving precipitation came pouring in; the bar down steps stopped for a brief timeframe its lively exchange; the purchasers lit new stogies, prepared their inventories and pencils, and the principal parcel of human belongings are driven upon the stand, not by a white man, yet by a smooth mulatto, himself a slave, and who appears to respect the selling of his brethren, where he so loquaciously helps, as a capital joke. It had been declared that the Negroes would be sold in â€Å"families,† that is to state; a man would not be separated from his significant other, or a mother from an extremely small kid. There is maybe as much strategy as mankind in this course of action, for along these lines many matured and unserviceable individuals are discarded, who in any case would not locate a prepared sale†¦ â€Å"(New York Daily Tribune, 1928). President Abraham Lincoln gave the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the country moved toward its third year of common war. The announcement proclaimed â€Å"that all people held as slaves† inside the defiant states â€Å"are, and henceforward will be free. † Despite this extensive wording, the Emancipation Proclamation was restricted from multiple points of view. It applied distinctly to states that had withdrawn from the Union, leaving subjugation immaculate in the unwavering fringe states. It additionally explicitly excluded pieces of the Confederacy that had just gone under Northern control. Generally significant, the opportunity it guaranteed relied on Union military triumph. History pages regularly guarantee President Lincoln as â€Å"The Great Emancipator† which most instructed grown-ups come to learn is an over distortion. The general agreement is that Lincoln never liberated a solitary slave, and just utilized the announcement as a way to get what he needed from the states. When liberated most African Americans despite everything experienced racial brutality and lived in dread for a long time. In 1870 the fifteenth amendment was added to the constitution giving blacks the option to cast a ballot. Despite the fact that blacks were free they were as yet isolated from the white individuals, made to go to various schools, stores, and even ride at the rear of the transport. In 1954 the incomparable courts announced isolation in school illegal because of the Brown versus The Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The common right development was at its top during 1955-1965. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, guaranteeing essential social equality for all Americans, paying little mind to race, after almost a time of peaceful fights and walks, running from the 1955-1956 Montgomery transport blacklists to the understudy drove demonstrations of the 1960s to the colossal March on Washington in 1963. In 1968 President Johnson marked the Civil Right act denying segregation in the deal, rental, and financing of lodging. Probably the most well known pioneer of the common right development incorporates Martin Luther King Jr. , Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks and numerous others. Albeit social liberties were set up numerous African American despite everything attempted to be dealt with reasonably in America. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society was set up in 1978 by a decision of the Supreme Court to guarantee that minorities are given an open door that they may have missed as a result of their race. In 2008 Barack Obama was the principal African American to be selected for a significant gathering candidate for president. He was chosen the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and sworn in on January 20, 2009. Family and Parenting Characteristics As with most societies, African Americans place a high incentive on their families. In the United States African American family’s make-up 12. 9 percent of the populace as indicated by the 2003 US Census. The US evaluation additionally shows that for African Americans beyond 15 34 five years old 34 percent wedded, five percent isolated, eleven percent separated, seven percent bereft, and 43 percent were rarely hitched. As per the First Things First site, â€Å"African Americans are the most un-joined forces bunch in America† (Medium, 2011, para. 4). One significant objective of African American families is communalism, which is significant for compelling working (Hall, 2010). Lobby (2010) portrays African American families as having three family types. The main sort is the strong definitive that is disclosed to be a family with high attachment alongside being steady, sustaining, and associated with their youngsters (Hall, 2010). The second sort of family is the conflictive-tyrant that is characterized as families with strife and the guardians are controlling, basic, and express misery with kids (Hall, 2010). The last kind of family Hall (2010) clarifies is the cautious careless, that didn't care for other racial gatherings and furthermore didn't show their youngsters to be pleased with being an African American. One noteworthy pattern that has been resolved about the African American family structure is that the more interconnected the family is, the lower the pace of sadness in African Americans (Hall, 2010). In view of these discoveries, a program called Strong African American Families has been made so as to fortify the connections among guardians and youngsters. As indicated by Hall (2010), â€Å"The Strong African American Families program additionally has been found to decrease preadolescent unsafe sexual practices, preadolescent liquor use, and parental sadness among African American families† (p.95). This sort of program has been compelling in keeping families durable and assisting with improving the objective of communalism. Language â€Å"Generations of hardships forced on the African American people group made unmistakable language designs. Slave proprietors regularly purposefully blended individuals who communicated in various African dialects to debilitate correspondence in any language other than English. This, joined with denials against instruction, prompted the advancement of pidginsimplified blends of at least two dialects that speakers of various dialects can use to impart. Instances of pidgins that turned out to be completely evolved dialects incorporate Creole, regular to Louisiana, and Gullah, normal to the Sea Islandsoff the bank of South Carolina and Georgia† (Rydell, 2010). It is tragic to believe that slave proprietors purposefully put Africans with individuals who didn't communicate in their language to dishearten correspondence, yet is have been inquired about and demonstrated to be valid. Subjugation isn't the main component to African American culture, and it regularly appears that while examining African American culture bondage is the principle point. Nonetheless, while examining language the time of bondage that they suffered have an inseparable tie to the development of African-American language. Since we have secured the root of African American language we can examine the American viewpoint of where cutting edge African American language stands, and how this impacts the way of life. â€Å"African American Vernacular English (AAVE)â€also called African American English; less absolutely Black English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), or Black Vernacular English (BVE)â€is an African Americanvariety(dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of American English. Non-language specialists now and again call it Ebonics(a term that additionally has different implications or solid undertones) or jive or jive-talk. Its elocution is, in certain regards, basic to Southern American English, which is spoken by numerous African Americans and numerous non-African Americans in the United States. There is minimal territorial variety among speakers of AAVE. A few creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford, contend that AAVE shares such a large number of qualities with

MBA admission essay

I fantasy about getting one of the best electrical designers the world has ever delivered. This thought may appear to be unrealistic, however I plan to seek after this fantasy not long from now. In any case, I might want to finish my MBA degree and become a practiced understudy. I realize that it will take something other than a solid willed character to accomplish this, yet I know I’m looking great so far. I have been filling in as an Applications Engineer for as far back as four years and a half. With my experience, I have figured out how to deal with different difficulties and troublesome circumstances in a develop way. I gained an Engineering Management certificate which I earned as of late has by one way or another helped me in improving as an individual than I used to be. I am ready to deal with I accept that my characteristics are sufficient to qualify me into your MBA program. I am trustworthy, adaptable and can without much of a stretch coexist well with others. With my cordial mentality, I had the option to acquire than the typical number of companions which has helped me a great deal in playing out my obligations and duties as a worker. I don't permit weights to improve of me. With my comical inclination, I can very oversee well the difficulties that come my way.â I am expert dynamic, verifying that I meet my undertakings before the set cutoff time. Along these lines, I need not pack over my ventures and burn through valuable time crying over lost chances or possibilities. I give extraordinary consideration to small scale level details.â I am moreover quiet and persevering. I ensure that I give 100% of my time and exertion in any venture that is relegated to me. My folks have consistently disclosed to me that instruction is a significant legacy. Your recognition can really take you anyplace. It is essential to have a degree during these time and age. Instruction is such a huge fixing to progress. Without instruction, it will be hard to be equipped for the following employment. Instruction is such a learning experience. Without it, it will be difficult to go after your objectives. This is only one of the numerous reasons why I am keen on gaining my MBA degree. I accept that my college degree isn't sufficient to acquire me a pass to progress. It takes mineral than only an advanced education to arm me with the correct weapons to confront the difficulties that experience life. I can possibly reach skyward and gain high on the off chance that I had the option to accomplish my MBA certificate not long from now. I comprehend that it’s far to go. That this training will be another educational cost and another weight to convey, however I realize that it is so imperative to completely find my possibilities and I am upbeat that my folks are supporting me in my undertaking. As Khan (2000) places it in her article, the significance of training is very justifiable. It is the information on putting one's possibilities to the greatest. It will be such a waste if an individual isn't taught. Additionally, it will be hard to prepare an individual if he’s not taught. With the correct instruction, we can settle on the correct choices and think things in a superior point of view. As I have referenced, taking a MBA degree is a learning experience. I am mindful that despite the fact that I have earned my higher education, there is still such a long way to go regarding the world and to such a great amount to find. Somebody once said that except if you locate your missing connection, you won't be finished. Except if you become what you are bound to become, you won't be glad. I can really say that except if I win my MBA degree, I won't be the individual I have for the longest time been itching to be. Aside structure the qualities that made me novel, I am confident that I can be acknowledged to this degree program and that I will in the long run discover the satisfaction I had always wanted. At that point and at exactly that point will I have the option to yell to the world that indeed, I made it and I am glad and upbeat for everything. Source: Maulana Wahiduddin Khan. Significance of Education. The Milli Gazette. RNI DELENG/2000/930; ISSN 0972-3366 (2000) MBA Admission Essay To live is to pick. In any case, to pick well, you should know what your identity is and a big motivator for you, where you need to go and why you need to arrive (Kofi Annan).My essential youth objective was to acquire a Masters in Business Administration from the US. To this end, I took a stab at school and acquired awesome scholastic evaluations. My folks are unskilled and poor. We hail from a rustic region of the nation. In any case, my resolute commitment to procuring information brought about my getting awesome scores, in the tenth grade as well as the twelfth grade. In a portion of the subjects of study I even acquired the best grades in the whole state.Subsequently, I joined a school in Hyderabad, India. While driving to school, one troubling day in June 1986, I was engaged with an auto collision which prompted the total loss of wrist development in the correct hand. Since, I am a privilege given individual; this comprised a horrible hit to my instructive and different possibi lities. In this hour of my preliminary, my loved ones expanded all conceivable collaboration. The aftereffect of this was I figured out how to rise up out of a condition of despondency and proceed onward throughout everyday life. Entomb alia, I put forth exhausting attempts to adjust my left hand to the capacities that had recently been the restrictive protect of my privilege hand.Another wellspring of motivation was offered by the various genuinely and slow-witted people, who had defeated their incapacities and continued onward throughout everyday life. A portion of these individuals were at the exceptionally front of innovative and logical research. One such individual from whose life I drew motivation is Stephen Hawking, who is an acclaimed expert in hypothetical material science. Stephen created engine neurone malady, a hopeless infirmity. He lost his voice, portability and was bound to a wheel seat. In any case, such affliction neglected to discourage him and he keeps on making noteworthy commitments to cosmology (Hawking).I recuperated my composure and composing abilities in a half year and got high evaluations in the second year assessments. Notwithstanding going to school, I routinely experienced physio treatment and I had the option to finish my graduation alongside different understudies of my class.The year 1988, was observer to the death of my dad. This constrained me to bear the family duties. My mom created nephrological difficulties and my more youthful sibling and sister must be upheld monetarily. This constrained me to keep in cessation my fantasy of higher examinations and to start business. This experience showed me the estimation of dependable conduct. A couple of years after graduation, I set foot in the US and as such I came extremely close to accomplishing my goal.These encounters served to reinforce my determination and supported my self-assurance massively. I could obviously perceive what Napoleon had implied when he had expressed that â€Å"Impossible, ce n'est pas francais† or the word outlandish doesn't exist in my word reference. This demeanor end up being of incredible assistance to the administration of F.J. Benjamin and Holdings of Singapore, where I was utilized in the year 1996. The administration needed to buy an application programming bundle, though my chief was of the feeling that this bundle could be created by the current programming professionals.Accordingly, the administration allowed our gathering to build up the necessary application. Be that as it may, after certain days, the pace with which our work was advancing decreased significantly, because of the takeoff of various software engineers for greener fields. Simultaneously the board got unshakable upon our indicating results and expressed that it would buy the product in the event that we neglected to create it. At this pivotal crossroads, I attacked the issue in earnest and figured out how to persuade the administration that I would convey the product package.In request to prevail in my test, I moved toward my companions in the product business and acquired their important assistance. Some of them even joined our association and as such I guaranteed that the undertaking was finished effectively and well inside the dispensed financial plan. The administration of our association was amazingly satisfied with my dynamism, arranging limit, information, assurance and resolute commitment to obligation. This uncovers my fitness for management.I had been giving my opportunity to a few halfway houses and helping their prisoners in their academic undertakings. On observing my companion lose his vision, I created worry for the crippled and I sorted out various blood gift and organ gift camps. In addition, I effectively settled a halfway house in the city of Vishakhapatnam, India. At present I am in consistent touch with Shankar Netralaya in Chennai, India, which is extraordinary compared to other ophthalmologic focuses in India, to treat more people beset with maladies of the eye.The MBA Program of UCLA Anderson is truly outstanding of its sort on the planet. The personnel is continually occupied with inquire about and their discoveries are passed on to the understudies. Furthermore, examinations of pertinent worldwide occasion are ordinary in this program. Also, the required twenty weeks since quite a while ago Applied Management Research venture, which each understudy needs to finish, is regarding some genuine business situation.Thus the graduated class of this organization are really offered with the most recent hypothetical and down to earth information (MBA PROGRAM). I might want to turn into a piece of this extraordinary administration development and my achievements, fearlessness, inspirational disposition, idealism, constancy and experience of life ought to guarantee that I render total equity to this standout course in the executives. MBA Admission Essay To live is to pick. In any case, to pick well, you should know what your identity is and a big motivator for you, where you need to go and why you need to arrive (Kofi Annan).My essential youth objective was to get a Masters in Business Administration from the US. To this end, I took a stab at school and acquired generally excellent scholarly evaluations. My folks are uneducated and poor. We hail from a rustic territory of the nation. Notwithstanding, my

College Student Vs. Peers - 1921 Words

The life of a college student is one that holds many simplicities and complexities. But in the case of â€Å"College Student vs. Peers†, college students hold many obvious and hidden privileges over their peers who choose not to go to college. These privileges range from gaining perks of future financial stability to growth of their present emotional maturity. Of course, the most obvious advantages involve the idea that college will provide you with a better life. And by a better life I mean the works. You will be introduced to better job opportunities, chances to work in the field of your choice, higher income, expanded knowledge, better social skills, independence, a chance to conquer developmental milestones and investments into your future. According to â€Å"The Atlantic.Com†, a survey showed that many people believe that college degrees are inherited. Therefore, if you obtain a college degree then your children are more likely to do the same and your children†™s children will also follow, creating a cycle of educated individuals instead of high school drop outs. The average age of entering college or the work force is 18. At 18, not many have their lives figured out to the tee on exactly what they want to do and how they will get it done. For some they have gotten to this stage, but life threw them a curve ball in which they may have to take another route. Being in college can help you discover what you like and dislike. It also allows the individual an opportunity to exploreShow MoreRelatedEnemy Of Title Ix : The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare918 Words   |  4 Pagescomplaints by women facing gender discrimination on college campuses across the nation. 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The Effects Of School Violence On South Korea - 1308 Words

The supremacy of physical appearance in South Korea directly relates to every aspect of young people’s lives. As a whole, modern day Korea is an image-conscious and competitive nation. It is so much so that getting one’s foot in the door in love and career greatly depends on how attractive one looks. In order to enhance their social competitiveness, more and more young people have decided to undergo cosmetic surgery. First, in the middle and high school stages, there are many incidents of school violence that have occurred because of someone’s appearance. Students who look ugly will be more likely targets of ridicule. A study analyzing the reasons of school violence, shows that scholastic competence, social acceptance, athletic competence, physical appearance, behavioral conduct, global self-worth are the main reasons causing a school violence. Among them, physical appearance accounted for thirty percent of school violence as the most important reason. A half of students who enrolled this survey indicate that they have ever experienced school violence with acts of bullying and sexual harassment at least once in school life (Li 65-70). And this study also represented a phenomenon that most of the students in this bully groups are beautiful. An interview with the bully group of students found that they showed an arrogant attitude when they treated ugly students. They said that the ugly students make them uncomfortable and they thought ugly people should not be treated the sameShow MoreRelatedEssay on South Korean Education System and Human Development1478 Words   |  6 Pagesthe growth and development of the country. As the education level of the population increases, the country grows as a whole toward a large economy. South Korea, for instance, had many events in history that influenced and developed the country to what it is today. 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The Korean War * Occupied by Japan during WWII, Korea had been divided in 1945. * In June 1950, the North Korean army invaded South Korea, hoping to reunify the country under communism. * Korea became the first clear test of containment. Gen. Douglas MacArthur * Launched a counter-invasion and was successful. He even pressed towards the boarder of China. MacArthurRead MoreThe 1950s and the 1960s900 Words   |  4 Pagesmany differences as well. Their similarities and differences include: the politics, the economy, the society, and the culture of both decades. In the 1950s, North Korea moved into South Korea and began a civil war between the two parallel countries. The reason for this dispute was the border lines as well as guerrilla fighting in the South, which created a greater tension on the issue. The reason why the U.S entered the Korean War was so that the Soviet Union would not gain another nation and, in turnRead MoreAlcohol Is The Biggest Killer Of Young People1566 Words   |  7 Pagespot of cultures and alcohol has played a great role and influence in this society. Each of these cultures mentioned have brought with them their cultural habits and drinking practices. But one of the most influential alcoholic imports has been t he effect on Native Americans and Native American culture since the founding of America. Before colonists came to the new world Native Americans only produced small quantities of weak beer and wine that was used mostly in ceremonies. 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After Kim Il-Sung died in 1994, who was a dictator for nearly 50 years, the North Korean government has lost its power on the people. Since then, communist system has collapsed and economic crisis has been aggravated. Also the food crisis in 1990s caused famine across the country. For these reasons, a lot of North Korean people have tried to escape from their home country or hide themselves in China. The number of

Sex Trafficking Within The United States - 1355 Words

Between 14,500 and 17,500 victims are trafficked into the United States annually, and often, the average age of entry is thirteen to fourteen years old (Hodge, 2008). One victim recalls that her pimp, a man who controls sex workers and keeps the earnings, would take her and two other girls from the ninth grade out of school during lunchtime, have them do calls, and bring them back. She explains, â€Å"He knew how to read each girl—this one likes to party, that one needs a job, this one wants drugs.† By doing this he could coerce the girls into doing anything he wanted or needed them to (Collins, 2011). According to the Department of Justice, 300,000 children may become victims of sex trafficking each year (Bessler Greenwood, 2014). However, under federal law, anyone under 18 years of age persuaded into commercial sex is a victim of sex trafficking, regardless of whether the trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion (Coorlim Ford, 2015). Despite these statistics, the n umbers reported on trafficking are inaccurate. Deirdre Bialo-Padin, the Brooklyn D.A.’S Chief of Domestic Violence explains â€Å"They’re too low. It’s an underreported crime. Who is going to raise her hand and say, ‘Hi, I’m a trafficking victim!’† When people think of human trafficking they immediately think of things such as drugs and confinement (Collins, 2011). However, most traffickers use subtle approaches to make victims feel helpless and alone so they can eventually trick them into entering into the sexShow MoreRelatedChild Sex Trafficking And Human Trafficking1096 Words   |  5 PagesChild Sex Trafficking Have you ever walked into Wal-Mart and taken the time to look at the numerous pictures of missing youth that is plastered on the wall? When looking at how long they have been missing, it ranges anywhere from months to years. Looking at their age, both boys and girls, it’s hard not to wonder if they have been kidnapped and are being trafficked. 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Dreyfus Affair Research Paper free essay sample

The Dreyfus Affair was a political scandal, which polarized French society on a number of levels. The conviction of Jewish Artillery officer, Alfred Dreyfus raised many questions regarding the power of the French War Office, and called to attention the corruption within the French legal system. The Affair divided France on several levels, demonstrating the differing political methods of rural and urban France, as well as inspiring debate between Secularists and the Church, as well as the Left and Right wings. The Affair spurred an â€Å"emergence of anti-Semitic nationalist politics† (Fitch 57) and drove the formulation of a French Radical Right. This new divided and factional France, the disassociation between urban and rural society demonstrated by the Affair, as well the rampant anti-Semitism ignited by the trial established that the French were all too willing to turn on one another, and demonstrated that there was no real French unity, no real â€Å"French Nationalism. † Alfred Dreyfus was born October 9th in Mulhouse, France. He later moved to Alsace Lorrain, where he spent most of his childhood under the inattentive watch of his wealthy father. His family was forced to move to Paris when Germany Annexed the Alsace Lorrain Province in 1871. In 1877 Dreyfus entered the Ecole Polytechnique Military Academy at the age of eighteen; graduating three years later in 1880, he immediately joined the military, ultimately achieving the rank of captain in 1889, and was made assistant director to the polytechnical school. He was eventually admitted to the superior war college, where he graduated 9th in his class, eventually becoming a trainee at the army headquarters (Sinclair). A short while after his admittance to the army headquarters, Alfred Dreyfus was arrested on a claim of treachery drawn from his alleged writing of Bordereau: a document found in a wastebasket within the Statistical Section of the German embassy; the section concerned with counterintelligence. The document outlined the intentions of an army officer, believed to be Alfred Dreyfus, but later proved to be major the Count Ferdinand Walsin-Esterhazy, to sell military secrets to the Germans. It was around this time that Lieutenant Colonel du Paty de Clam, who was sure of Dreyfus’ guilt, even after being told otherwise by handwriting experts, was assigned chief investigator of the case. De Clam was ordered by his superiors to quickly conclude the matter, resulting in military pressure on the handwriting experts to produce results favorable to the Minister of War: the prosecuting side. De Clam’s conquest was joined by a number other generals due to religious affiliation, and their subsequent anti-Semitic sentiments, or their paranoia of national security. On October 15th, de Clam had Dreyfus write a dictation, which, unbeknownst to Dreyfus, was to be used as evidence against him. Satisfied with what he believed to be incriminating evidence, de Clam arrested Dreyfus on the spot, subtly offering him the alternative of suicide (Alfred Dreyfus Biography). Dreyfus was handed a guilty verdict after a corrupt trial of unreliable witnesses on the side of the prosecution. The defense was offered no testimony, no cross-examination, and faced a jury of minor officers trained to believe that the word of the Minister of War was absolute. The trial primarily consisted of slandering Dreyfus, painting him as the â€Å"dirty Jew† stereotype of the time (Mattar 144). The â€Å"Dirty Jew† stereotype evolved from anti-Semitic sentiments developed during the Middle Ages, where the newfound power of Christianity forced Jews to decide between conversion or death. The stereotype reached a high-point during the crusades, where the Jews were attacked, their synagogues burned, and the general populace was forced to flee. From their immigration into other nations developed the idea that they were scavengers, migrants, similar to rats. The Jews were looked down upon as unclean, as they were not Christian, and therefore not good, not â€Å"clean. † Dreyfus was sentenced to life in prison on the Devil’s Island penal colony in the Caribbean, coming as a surprise to both Dreyfus and his lawyer, as they believed he would be acquitted due to lack of evidence. Within the small circle interested in the trial, aristocrats and the urban populace, it was believed this punishment was far too harsh: â€Å"Had a traitor opened the border to the enemy and driven the German emperor straight to Notre-Dame† (Zola). On July 1st, 1895, Major Picquart became the head of the French Statistical Section. Picquart’s interest in the case lead to his discovery of forged case documents, planted by the former Statistical Section’s head. He presented this evidence to the Minister of War, but was ignored, concluding no matter the evidence presented proving Dreyfus’ innocence, no effort would be made to revise his case and no offer would be made for a retrial. The War Office wished to avoid a retrial, believing that acknowledging the innocence of Dreyfus would cause their own collapse under public contempt. Seeing the Major as a threat to this, Picquart was sent on a number of assignments, more often than not dangerous, in order to silence his pleas to retrial the innocent Dreyfus (Sinclair). It was around this time that a telegram sent by a foreign power was intercepted by the Lieutenant Colonel, proving Esterhazy’s guilt and, subsequently, Dreyfus’ innocence. Many came to the defense of Esterhazy, but it was clear that de Clam was at the heart of it, â€Å"with his trademark fruits of his fertile imagination† (Zola). Given a retrial after the surfacing of the new evidence, Dreyfus was again found guilty, his sentenced reduced to 10 years due to â€Å"extenuating circumstances. † This unjust punishment was met with the apathy of the people, primarily due to disassociation with political France or anti-Semitic beliefs. The War Office ultimately decided on the court-martialing of Esterhazy in order to establish his innocence and simultaneously confirm Dreyfus’. Esterhazy was unanimously acquitted after only two days, and the cause of the Dreyfusards was delivered a severe blow. A change of government in June 1898 appointed Godefroy Cavaignac, a staunch anti-revisionist, as the Minister of War. Cavaignac demanded a thorough investigation of the secret Dreyfus file, finding three documents supposedly indicative of both Dreyfus and Esterhazy’s guilt. Unfortunately for Cavaignac, one of the documents was found to be a forgery, and on August 30th, colonel Henry, the perpetrator of the forgery, was arrested. August 31st, Henry committed suicide, Esterhazy fled to Belgium, and a number of Generals involved in the cover-up resigned. Revision of the trial was inevitable, but in the months leading up to the trial, the army continued to resist, clinging to the belief that the truth would only cause internal collapse. Dreyfus is pardoned on September 19th, but is not restored his full position and his former honor until 1906. The Dreyfus trial had a number of resounding effects in the following years of the French political world. The Affair exposed corruption within both the military and the Church, calling attention to the flaws in the military hierarchy when dealing with internal Affairs. The jury, composed of minor military officers, had been taught obedience to the Ministry of War throughout their careers, eliminating the fairness and unbiased they were supposed to carry into a trial. The Affair also demonstrated the Church’s corrupt influence in the political world, as it was apparent Dreyfus’ religion played a large role on his persecution and conviction. This lead to the prompt passing of a secularist bill in 1905, separating Church and state. The Affair ultimately lead to a divided France- split due to religion, political affiliation, and wealth (Fitch 59). Throughout the trial, there existed the idea of anti-Semitism, ignited by the Affair itself. Despite his clear innocence, it was still maintained that Dreyfus was inherently guilty, dictated by the â€Å"Dirty Jew† stereotype of the time. Dreyfus was nothing more than a scapegoat, a cumulative expression of the anti-Semitic sentiments rampant at the time: â€Å"He [Dreyfus] is the victim of the lurid imagination of major du Paty de Clam, the religious circles surrounding him [the Church], and the ‘dirty Jew’ obsession† (Zola). This obvious societal division demonstrated the clear lack of unity among the French people. Despite identifying as French on a large scale, they first identified themselves as followers of the Church, as Christians, as anti-Semites. The French were so willing to turn on a clearly innocent man and the other half of the populace who supported him, because of religious stereotypes. This demonstrated that there was no real factor unifying the entirety of France, not nearly as much as there were factional loyalties, which made up a divided nation. During the Affair and in the period following it, France existed as a country, but not a nation. France existed as a place on the map, but there was no true â€Å"French† populace. The loyalties of the peoples were instead to their respective factions, created during the Affair. There were the Dreyfusards and the anti-Dreyfusards during the Affair, and immediately following it were the Left and Right wings, as well as the Church and the secularists. The Dreyfusards consisted of prominent liberals, Republicans, Socialists, anti-clerics, and aristocrats. On the opposing side: the anti-Dreyfusards were Royalists, anti-Semites, militarists, and those affiliated with the Church. The Affair was an amazing feat of unity as opposing groups were able to come together over similar opinions: the alliance between the Republicans and Socialists. Although the trial did promote unity, it was promoted on a factional level and small-scale. The Dreyfusards identified as Dreyfusards before they identified as French; on the opposing side, the anti-Dreyfusards too identified first as anti-Dreyfusards, and second as French. This factional dedication exhibited by those interested and involved in the trial demonstrated that there was no single factor unifying the general populace, instead there were unifying factors drawing small groups of people together, creating a plethora of factions which constituted France, and demonstrated that there was no French nationalism. There was instead factional nationalism: Dreyfusard nationalism or Secularist nationalism, but no French nationalism, no French nation. Despite its importance, a large majority of France, especially those who lived in rural areas, remained apathetic toward the trial. The disinterest was not a matter of intelligence, but a matter of relevance: â€Å"significant numbers of peasants remained indifferent to the Affair, not because they were unable to understand its complexities, but because it failed to strike a relevant chord in villages† (Fitch 56). This general disinterest in the countryside lead to the development of a differing political method than in urban France, where politics were based on leagues, mass movements, and mass culture. New rural politics were less driven by the â€Å"anonymous crowd† political method, which had preceded it, as less people in the countryside cared or were politically involved. The method became based on isolated political demonstrations, arguably granting greater power to the individual. The general rural populace remained uninterested in the larger ideas revealed during the Affair, viewing it only as a source of epithets and jokes to use in everyday life, contrasting greatly to the urban response to the trial where the majority of the populace was involved (Fitch 52). This disassociation between urban France and the majority of the population, who lived in rural France as peasants, goes to show the lack of a unifying factor for the majority of the people. This once again demonstrates a lack of â€Å"French† nationalism through a lack of French unity, further exemplified by the Affair. Many French historians believe that the Dreyfus Affair signified the birth French nationalism, but that was not the case. The Affair demonstrated that France was too factional, the classes too disassociated with one another for there to be any real unity across the country. The Affair teaches that on smaller scales, nationalism causes conflict. It is the overzealous pride in ones own belief, which can cause rational conflicts to spiral out of control. The Affair proposes that small-scale nationalism is the first step toward internal conflict and that nation-wide common unity is the sole cure to domestic strife.

The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury Essay Example For Students

The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury Essay The Red Room written by H. G. Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury are two stories that try to build up fear in their readers. Each story attempts to create and exploit the sense of fear in various ways to sustain the readers interest. The Red Room was written in 1896. Wells uses the characters, setting, beliefs and the use of archaic language to demonstrate this. In the time that The Red Room was written there was no electricity. This meant that the large rooms and long corridors that were lit with candles and firelight created an eerie atmosphere. The flickering candlelight caused shadows to move. We will write a custom essay on The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This movement may have been one reason why so many people believed in ghosts and spirits. The Whole Towns Sleeping was set in the 1950s. In this era there was electricity, which meant there was light both inside and outside. Bradbury uses this to his advantage, contrasting the lightness of the town and the darkness of the ravine. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; there is no mention of ghosts. They assume the Lonely One is a person because of the physical evidence he leaves behinds, whereas in quot;The Red Roomquot; Wells capitalizes on peoples fear of the ghost to build up tension. Also in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; their social activities and groups were very different. It was not unusual for the women to go out and socialise and live alone, whereas in the time quot;The Red Roomquot; was set, it was rare for people to live alone. In The Red Room the plot is composed of the narrator who is the main character. The reader is not told anything about the narrator or his background. I can assure you said I. Wells uses the anonymous narrator in the first person perspective so the readers can place themselves in the narrators place. This builds up the anxiety in the reader because it is as if it is happening to them. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the plot is based around Lavinia who is the main character. On her solitary porch, Lavinia Nebbs, aged thirty-seven, very straight and slim, sat with a twinkling lemonade in her white fingers, tapping to her lips, waiting. Dissimilarly to Wells, Bradbury uses the third person perspective. This means the reader does not know the characters thoughts but still it is like the reader is there with the characters watching the story unfold. Both authors use the different perspectives effectively. Continuing The Red Rooms plot, the narrator appears to be a ghost hunter of some sort. He meets the old caretakers and seems to be going to investigate a supposed haunted room, the red room. If, said I, you will show me to this haunted room of yours, I will make myself comfortable there. The elderly people warn the narrator but are vague. This night of all nights! The narrator leaves to examine the room. A vast proportion of The Red Room is the journey from the caretakers room to the red room. The tension rises on the journey as Wells describes the long echoing corridors and dancing shadows. The long, draughty, subterranean passage was chilly and dusty and my candle flared and made the shadows cower and quiver. The tension rises at various points along the way. At one point the narrator thinks he hears a noise. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Listening to a rustling that I fancied I heardÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This builds the sense of fear by perhaps misleading the reader into thinking the narrator is not alone. There is another high-tension point on the journey where again the narrator stops abruptly. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And gave me the impression of someone crouching to waylay me. All the sounds and movements described create the illusion the narrator is not entirely alone. The narrator investigates the red room and the tension reaches its highest as he is suspiciously knocked out. The story concludes the next morning. In The Whole Towns Sleeping plot, Lavinia meets her friends with the original plan of visiting the cinema. Alike in The Red Room, Lavinia is warned by an elderly person. Wont catch me out on no night like this. Lavinia and her friend, Francine, disregard the warnings and continue on their journey. The warnings in both The Whole Towns Sleeping and The Red Room create a sense of fear because they notify the reader that there is something to be afraid of. On their way to meet their third companion, Lavinia and Francine come across the dead body of Eliza Ramsell. The woman lay as is she were floating there, her face moon-freckled, her eyes like white marble, her tongue clamped in her lips. The imagery used paints a picture in the readers mind of Eliza, dead. Lavinia and Francine carry on to meet Helen and then go on to the drug store. The tension mounts as various characters are introduced. Bradbury uses these characters as miscellaneous suspects. Got you! Tom Dillon is one character introduced who pretends to be the Lonely One. Fear is build because the reader is unsure of who he is to begin with. The three the go on to the cinema, where Helen makes a commotion over another suspect. After the cinema they return to the drugstore, then subsequently home. In the same way as Wells, Bradbury uses this long circular journey to make the atmosphere and setting seem tense. There were a thousand people in the windows, stiff and silent, and three people on the street, the echoes following like gun shots when they tapped their heels on the oven baked pavement. After Lavinia has walked Francine and Helen home she is left to cross the deep, deep and black, black ravine alone. The story ends when Lavinia gets home and the reader is left to deduce what has happened. The Whole Towns Sleeping is set in a little town in the middle of Illinois country, America. The description of the setting at the beginning of the story displays to the reader that it is set in America. In the downtown drugstore, fans whispered in the high ceiling air. In the rococo shade of porches, invisible people sat. Bradbury uses these descriptions to create a lazy and relaxed atmosphere and to show life is as usual. This builds up the confidence of the reader whereas Wells introduces the theme of fear from the start. The Red Room is set in Lorraine Castle. This appears to be an old Victorian building in Britain. To begin with the narrator is in a room with a fire and the old people. The reader is informed this is the housekeepers room. I half suspected the old people were trying to enhance the spiritual terrors of their house by their droning insistence. Immediately Wells has created a gloomy, lonely and heavy atmosphere to intimidate the readers. As The Whole Towns Sleeping is an almost circular route, there is plentiful description of the places the characters visit. There is a lot of contrast within the story between light and dark. The drugstore is fairly well lit, this increases the confidence of the reader once again. Alternatively the cinema is dimly lit. In the dim auditorium, as they sat in the odour of ancient brass polish, the manager appearedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The dim lighting results in poor vision, causing Helen to panic and make a scene. There is also a lot of description of the contrasting temperature. Im cold. Oh, Ive never been so cold since winter. The coldness creates fear because the reader may associate it with death and strange goings on. The extreme cold temperature also composes a nervous and uncertain atmosphere. Lavinia felt the warm breath of the summer night shimmering off the oven-baked sidewalkÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦the heat pulsed under your dress and along your legs with a stealthy sense of invasion. The similes and metaphors Bradbury uses to portray the heat create a heavy, sultry atmosphere. Dissimilarly, Wells does not refer to temperature often. Although just as Bradbury, Wells uses the journey to his advantage, with a large amount of description. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦For the moonlight coming in by the great window on the grand staircase picked out everything in vivid black shadow or silvery illumination. This particular description makes the setting seem unearthly and eerie. The two main settings are somewhat analogous. In The Red Room, the red room is a dark place, filled with flickering dancing shadows, which the narrator tries to overcome by lighting more candles. There were two big mirrors in the room, each with a pair of sconces bearing candles, and on the mantel shelf, too, were more candles in china candle sticks. All these I lit one after the other. The confidence of the reader rises and cowers in the red room as the narrators does. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦I still found the remoter darkness of the place, and its perfect stillness, too stimu lating for the imagination. Again in The Red Room Wells describes the setting as abnormal and peculiar. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the ravine is also described as a dark and frightening place. She whispered to the ravine, to the black crickets and dark green frogs and the black stream. The tension reaches its highest in the red room and in the ravine, as this is where both main characters are driven to panicking hysterically here. The physical state of the places affects their emotional state. .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .postImageUrl , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:hover , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:visited , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:active { border:0!important; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:active , .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211 .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9297771b57ace1db8e2c6a8dcf928211:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Expansion Of Arthur"s Battle With The Giant EssayThe structure of the two stories is similar in places but also variable. In The Whole Towns Sleeping opening there is a description of the town, heat and Lavinia. In the town the sidewalks still scorched. The laid back atmosphere raises the self-assurance of the reader. Life appears to be as usual in Illinois. Lavinia and Francine meet and conversation of the Lonely One passes between them after grandma Hanolin warns them, Wont catch me out on no night like this. Just the same, Hattie McDollis was killed a month ago. And Roberta Ferry the month before. And now Eliza Ramsell has disappearedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The deaths mentioned build fear because they suggest the Lonely One may be around. In The Red Room opening, the plot and the theme of fear are introduced immediately with warnings, conversation and descriptions of the old people. Its your own choosing. The narrator meets each of the elderly people, the man with the withered arm, the man with the shade and the old woman. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And the door creaked on its hingesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The mood is promptly odd and peculiar. The hostility continues to build as the old people repeat their warnings. I said ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ its your own choosing. In both The Red Room and The Whole Towns Sleeping the main characters relate to the past. In The Red Room the narrator thinks of where his predecessor died. Here it was, thought I, that my predecessor was found, and the memory of that story gave me a sudden twinge of apprehension. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦In which the young duke had died. Or, rather, in which he had begun his dying, for he had opened the door and fallen headlong down the steps I had just ascended. The thoughts of others dying where the narrator was standing cause uneasiness in the reader. In The Whole Towns Sleeping, Lavinia associates her experience with a childhood story. Remember that old ghost story you told each other when you were children? The effects of recalling this story are unforeseen. Lavinia scares herself so much she screams and creates the illusion that there was a man under the light. Both flashbacks make the main characters fearful. The middle of the two stories are mainly the journeys made. In The Red Room the narrator travels to and enter the red room. I entered, closed the door behind me at once. The apprehension increases as he checks the room and adds candles for reassurance. All through this part of the story the reader is informed of the narrators thoughts. By this time I was in a state of considerable nervous tension This mounts the tension because the reader knows that the narrator is now petrified. In The Whole Towns Sleeping middle, various suspects are introduced. All the minor characters cause uncertainty. Tom Dillon creates fear becau se we are not shown who he is at first. Hey, Im the Lonely One. This is the same with the man in the cinema and the children. Through the middle of the story, as the three make their journey, Helen and Francine are continuously nervous. Their actions do not appear to affect Lavinia until nearer the ending. There were lots of small climaxes throughout the stories. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the first is as they find Eliza dead, the next is the children. I am the Lonely One. I kill people, and then Tom Dillon. Both these two characters impersonate the Lonely One, which builds the fear. In The Red Room, there are also a few small climaxes, building up to the main climax. For example when the narrator hears a noise. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Listening to a rustling I fancied I heardÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This creates fear in the reader because it gives the impression he is not alone. The two main climaxes in The Whole Towns Sleeping are Lavinia crossing the ravine, panicking and thinking someone is following her. Faster. Faster. She went down the steps. Run! and when Lavinia reaches home and thinks she is safe, but it is a false illusion. The highest point of tension in The Red Room happens in the red room, as the candles start to go out and do not relight. The narrator panics, frantically trying to relight them, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦candle in the alcove suddenly went outÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦The flame vanished, as if the wicks had been suddenly nipped between a finger and thumbÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Again Wells is describing it as if the narrator is not alone, leaving the reader to wonder whether there is a ghost or not. The ending of The Red Room is totally different to the rest of the story. There is no tension at all, it seems to have returned to reality. It is the next morning and the narrator with the elderly people. He slowly recovers his memory and contemplates what had happened. The ending is still quite ambiguous even though the narrator gives an explanation. Was the narrator knocked out from falling down, or was he hit over the head? There is neither a ghost of earl nor a ghost of countess in that roomÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The twist in the story is that they believe it not to be a ghost, but Black Fear. This is the point at which Wells seems to let us know why he wrote the story, to show there was no ghosts in this incident ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ only fear. The ending of The Whole Towns Sleeping is also ambivalent, but much more of a cliffhanger. The reader is drawn into a false sense of security. Home. Oh, safe at home. Safe, safe and safe at homeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Safe, safe. Listen. Not a sound. Safe, safe, oh thank God, safe at home. Lavinia thinks she is home safely and that all is fine, this really builds the assurance of the reader. But there is also, as in The Red Room, a twist to the story. What? She aske d. What? What? Behind her, in the black living-room, someone cleared his throatÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The reader is left to assume the ending. Is it the Lonely One awaiting Lavinia, or is it a family member or friend? And also the reader is left to speculate if it was the Lonely One, who is he? There is a vast amount of descriptive language throughout both stories. Wells successfully uses his dense description of the elderly people to give them frightening features. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦A second man entered, more bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the firstÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teeth. The effect here makes the reader inhospitable in return to the old people. Their very existence was spectral; the cut of their clothing, fashions born in dead brains. This makes the elderly people seem very old fashioned. The archaic expressions and dialect inform the reader of the period in which the story is set. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And eight and twenty years you have lived and never seen the likes of this house, I reckon. The narrative voice and dialogue are much more formal in The Red Room than in The Whole Towns Sleeping. Hattie McDollis walked off with a travelling man, I bet. But the others ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ strangled ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ four of them, their tongues sticking out their mouths, they say. This is a bit of typical conversation passing between Lavinia and Francine. It shows the characters are relaxed with each other. Bradbury also uses imagery, but more often than Wells. In the downtown drugstore, fans whispered in the high ceiling air. They called back through the soft ocean of darkness. The personification sets the atmosphere as cool making the reader more confident so the later scare seems more intense. The metaphor also emphasizes the soft darkness. Bradbury uses plenty of descriptive language about the town. The little town was deep far away from everything, kept to itself by a river and a forest and a ravine. This description sets the scene. It is relaxing and calm and makes the characters seem distant from the town. In Lavinias dialogue her braveness comes across. BoshÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Lets walk the short cut. There are about eight minor characters in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot;. Each individually adds to the fear. The first character we meet is Francine. Francine sobbed again and walked on. Francine is doubting and easily upset, she screams and cries often. This fragile character adds to the anxiety because she reminds the reader there is something to be scared of. Other characters we meet are the children. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦A voice was murmuring, I am the lonely oneÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦and Im Eliza Ramsell. The children are frightening characters to begin with because we are dubious of whom they are. They bring back memories of the dead Eliza Ramsell. Next introduced is Helen. Alike Francine she is also doubting and very negative. .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .postImageUrl , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:hover , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:visited , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:active { border:0!important; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:active , .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03 .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u26d73eb6a4f5790f6660a55baaeadd03:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anna Karenina EssayHelen turned slowly and glanced back. Im calling the managerÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Stop the film! Lights! Helen made a big commotion in the cinema, after being over cautious. Tom Dillon is a very alarming character to the reader for several reasons. A shadow fell across their faces. A figure loomed. Again the reader is unsure of whom he is. Tom Dillon portrays himself as the Lonely One. Hey, Im the Lonely One! Bradbury uses him to again remind us the Lonely One is still out there and could be anyone. He causes the three women to panic and fuss. The druggist brings news to the three women that a man was asking after Lavinia. He is cautious wi th what he says. I heard a minute ago, I suddenly thought, whatve I done! This makes the women paranoid, which makes the reader paranoid. To me the druggist is a very probable suspect, for instance how did he know about Eliza Ramsell being dead so soon after the incident? The man in the suit, who is the theatre managers brother, is a very menacing character to Helen. The fear has built up in her mind and this is where it comes across to the reader. Officer Kennedy is also a very traumatic character to Lavinia and the reader. The man was singing Shine on Harvest Moon, and he carried a long club in his hand. Officer Kennedy is introduced when Lavinia is alone and he carried a long club that she assumed was a weapon. Yes, she thought, but I wont walk the ravine with any man. How do I know who the Lonely One is? When Lavinia realises who he is she still cannot be sure or safe. Total paranoia is established. The minor character that links between the two different stories is Grandma Hanolin. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; Grandma Hanolin introduces the plot, she announces to the reader that life is not as usual. Wont catch me out on no night like this, wailed Grandma Hanolin, Not with the Lonely One strangling women. Lock myself in with my gun! Grandma is comparable to the old woman, the man with the withered arm and the man with the shade because she is an elderly character and alike the old people in quot;The Red Roomquot; she warns the main character. In quot;The Red Roomquot;, Wells only introduces 3 other characters. Each of these exclusively adds to the fear. The first we meet is the man with the withered arm. He seems to be hostile and unfriendly. It is your own choosing, said the man with the withered arm, and glanced at me askance. He repeats It is your own choosing three times. This warning creates a tense unwelcoming atmosphere. Another character we meet is the old woman. The old woman sat staring hard into the fire, her pale eyes wide openÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦a many thing to see and sorrow for. The womans colourless eyes give the reader the impression she has seen a ghost. She also repeats a warning, This night of all nights! Their vague warnings make the reader dubious. The most frightening character is the man with the shade. He is introduced with the spooky noise of his stick and a shambling step on the flags. Wells uses a dense description to describe him, giving him abnormal looks. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦More bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the first. He supported himself by a single crutch, his eyes were covered by a shade, and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teeth. The mans queer looks help the reader to realise how peculiar the whole scene is. The three characters words, actions and looks affect the reader. The three of them made me feel uncomfortable, and with their gaunt silences, their bent carriage, their evident unfriendliness to me and to one another. This also makes the reader feel uncomfortable, as if the old people are almost rejecting them. The elderly people also seem to be curious as to why exactly he is there. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And threw his head back for a moment and sideways, to see me. The next morning the people behave totally different to the narrator, creating a friendlier more relaxed atmosphere. He spoke no longer as one who greets an intruder, but as one who grieves for a broken friend. The old people seem concerned, agreeable and willing to listen, but also still a bit reserved. They clarify their own ideas and show acceptance on the narrators idea that it is fear. The two main characters, Lavinia and the narrator, tend to be very similar throughout the story. Their confidence rises and mounts at various points, causing the readers firmness to do the same. Lavinia Nebbs, aged thirty-sevenÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The reader is given information on Lavinia to make them confident. Bradbury portrays Lavinia as a strong, confident character. I insist. I wont go home and brood over it. I wont think of it. Ill fill my mind with everything else but. She is very sure of herself boosting the readers self-assurance. Lavinia, as cool as mint ice cream, took the other womans arm and led her down the winding pathÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Lavinia appears a very laid back but sometimes seems to show-off. I can see a thing and tell myself I never saw it, thats how strong I am. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the narrator also appears a very confident character. I can assure you, said I, that it will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me. The reader is not given any background information on the narrator, except he is twenty-eight years of age. This allows the readers to position themselves in the narrators place. We are not even told if the narrator is a male or a female, but looking at the historical and social background of the time the story was set I assume it is a man. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; and in quot;The Red Roomquot;, both Lavinia and the narrator ignore the elderly peoples warnings. The two characters confidence inclines and declines throughout the story. Their courage is high to begin with then rapidly decreases at the end. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the narrator enters the red room clear minded. I resolved to make a systematic examination of the place at onceÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Similarly in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot;, Lavinia enters the ravine optimistically. Three minutes from now, she thought, Ill be putting my key in my house door. Nothing can happen in just one hundred and eighty seconds. This again builds the confidence of the reader, but as soon as the reader sees the character begin to panic, they will do the same. Lavinia becomes hysterical. She heard music. In a mad way, a silly way, she heard the huge surge of music that pounded at her, and she realized as she ran ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ as she ran in panic and terrorÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ In the same way, the narrator in quot;The Red Roomquot; finds the whole scenario overwhelming. I flung out my arms in a vain effort to thrust that ponderous blackness away from me, and, lifting up my voice, screamed with all my mightÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The main characters panicking so madly creates a huge rush of fear for the reader. Throughout the two stories, the characters both treat their situations as adventures and are determined to overcome any fears they may have. The Lonely One in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; is the main cause for so much fear. The Lonely One is an anonymous character, no one has seen him knows anything about him. The Lonely One not being visible creates tension. The characters in the story know the Lonely One is not a ghost and exists because of the physical manifestation he leaves behind. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the supposed ghost, eventually believed to be black fear is the main cause for the theme of fear. It is unknown whether the ghost exists, and alike in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; tension is composed by it not being visible. I think the authors H. G. Wells and Ray Bradbury both successfully created a sense of fear in their readers. Although the stories were very different, they set out to compose this fear in the same ways. For example both authors used minor characters to warn the main characters, they both had a similar structure and both used plenty of descriptive language. The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury Essay Example For Students The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury Essay The Red Room written by H. G. Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury are two stories that try to build up fear in their readers. Each story attempts to create and exploit the sense of fear in various ways to sustain the readers interest. The Red Room was written in 1896. Wells uses the characters, setting, beliefs and the use of archaic language to demonstrate this. In the time that The Red Room was written there was no electricity. This meant that the large rooms and long corridors that were lit with candles and firelight created an eerie atmosphere. The flickering candlelight caused shadows to move. We will write a custom essay on The Red Room written by H.G.Wells and The Whole Towns Sleeping by Ray Bradbury specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This movement may have been one reason why so many people believed in ghosts and spirits. The Whole Towns Sleeping was set in the 1950s. In this era there was electricity, which meant there was light both inside and outside. Bradbury uses this to his advantage, contrasting the lightness of the town and the darkness of the ravine. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; there is no mention of ghosts. They assume the Lonely One is a person because of the physical evidence he leaves behinds, whereas in quot;The Red Roomquot; Wells capitalizes on peoples fear of the ghost to build up tension. Also in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; their social activities and groups were very different. It was not unusual for the women to go out and socialise and live alone, whereas in the time quot;The Red Roomquot; was set, it was rare for people to live alone. In The Red Room the plot is composed of the narrator who is the main character. The reader is not told anything about the narrator or his background. I can assure you said I. Wells uses the anonymous narrator in the first person perspective so the readers can place themselves in the narrators place. This builds up the anxiety in the reader because it is as if it is happening to them. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the plot is based around Lavinia who is the main character. On her solitary porch, Lavinia Nebbs, aged thirty-seven, very straight and slim, sat with a twinkling lemonade in her white fingers, tapping to her lips, waiting. Dissimilarly to Wells, Bradbury uses the third person perspective. This means the reader does not know the characters thoughts but still it is like the reader is there with the characters watching the story unfold. Both authors use the different perspectives effectively. Continuing The Red Rooms plot, the narrator appears to be a ghost hunter of some sort. He meets the old caretakers and seems to be going to investigate a supposed haunted room, the red room. If, said I, you will show me to this haunted room of yours, I will make myself comfortable there. The elderly people warn the narrator but are vague. This night of all nights! The narrator leaves to examine the room. A vast proportion of The Red Room is the journey from the caretakers room to the red room. The tension rises on the journey as Wells describes the long echoing corridors and dancing shadows. The long, draughty, subterranean passage was chilly and dusty and my candle flared and made the shadows cower and quiver. The tension rises at various points along the way. At one point the narrator thinks he hears a noise. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Listening to a rustling that I fancied I heardÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This builds the sense of fear by perhaps misleading the reader into thinking the narrator is not alone. There is another high-tension point on the journey where again the narrator stops abruptly. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And gave me the impression of someone crouching to waylay me. All the sounds and movements described create the illusion the narrator is not entirely alone. The narrator investigates the red room and the tension reaches its highest as he is suspiciously knocked out. The story concludes the next morning. In The Whole Towns Sleeping plot, Lavinia meets her friends with the original plan of visiting the cinema. Alike in The Red Room, Lavinia is warned by an elderly person. Wont catch me out on no night like this. Lavinia and her friend, Francine, disregard the warnings and continue on their journey. The warnings in both The Whole Towns Sleeping and The Red Room create a sense of fear because they notify the reader that there is something to be afraid of. On their way to meet their third companion, Lavinia and Francine come across the dead body of Eliza Ramsell. The woman lay as is she were floating there, her face moon-freckled, her eyes like white marble, her tongue clamped in her lips. The imagery used paints a picture in the readers mind of Eliza, dead. Lavinia and Francine carry on to meet Helen and then go on to the drug store. The tension mounts as various characters are introduced. Bradbury uses these characters as miscellaneous suspects. Got you! Tom Dillon is one character introduced who pretends to be the Lonely One. Fear is build because the reader is unsure of who he is to begin with. The three the go on to the cinema, where Helen makes a commotion over another suspect. After the cinema they return to the drugstore, then subsequently home. In the same way as Wells, Bradbury uses this long circular journey to make the atmosphere and setting seem tense. There were a thousand people in the windows, stiff and silent, and three people on the street, the echoes following like gun shots when they tapped their heels on the oven baked pavement. After Lavinia has walked Francine and Helen home she is left to cross the deep, deep and black, black ravine alone. The story ends when Lavinia gets home and the reader is left to deduce what has happened. The Whole Towns Sleeping is set in a little town in the middle of Illinois country, America. The description of the setting at the beginning of the story displays to the reader that it is set in America. In the downtown drugstore, fans whispered in the high ceiling air. In the rococo shade of porches, invisible people sat. Bradbury uses these descriptions to create a lazy and relaxed atmosphere and to show life is as usual. This builds up the confidence of the reader whereas Wells introduces the theme of fear from the start. The Red Room is set in Lorraine Castle. This appears to be an old Victorian building in Britain. To begin with the narrator is in a room with a fire and the old people. The reader is informed this is the housekeepers room. I half suspected the old people were trying to enhance the spiritual terrors of their house by their droning insistence. Immediately Wells has created a gloomy, lonely and heavy atmosphere to intimidate the readers. As The Whole Towns Sleeping is an almost circular route, there is plentiful description of the places the characters visit. There is a lot of contrast within the story between light and dark. The drugstore is fairly well lit, this increases the confidence of the reader once again. Alternatively the cinema is dimly lit. In the dim auditorium, as they sat in the odour of ancient brass polish, the manager appearedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The dim lighting results in poor vision, causing Helen to panic and make a scene. There is also a lot of description of the contrasting temperature. Im cold. Oh, Ive never been so cold since winter. The coldness creates fear because the reader may associate it with death and strange goings on. The extreme cold temperature also composes a nervous and uncertain atmosphere. Lavinia felt the warm breath of the summer night shimmering off the oven-baked sidewalkÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦the heat pulsed under your dress and along your legs with a stealthy sense of invasion. The similes and metaphors Bradbury uses to portray the heat create a heavy, sultry atmosphere. Dissimilarly, Wells does not refer to temperature often. Although just as Bradbury, Wells uses the journey to his advantage, with a large amount of description. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦For the moonlight coming in by the great window on the grand staircase picked out everything in vivid black shadow or silvery illumination. This particular description makes the setting seem unearthly and eerie. The two main settings are somewhat analogous. In The Red Room, the red room is a dark place, filled with flickering dancing shadows, which the narrator tries to overcome by lighting more candles. There were two big mirrors in the room, each with a pair of sconces bearing candles, and on the mantel shelf, too, were more candles in china candle sticks. All these I lit one after the other. The confidence of the reader rises and cowers in the red room as the narrators does. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦I still found the remoter darkness of the place, and its perfect stillness, too stimu lating for the imagination. Again in The Red Room Wells describes the setting as abnormal and peculiar. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the ravine is also described as a dark and frightening place. She whispered to the ravine, to the black crickets and dark green frogs and the black stream. The tension reaches its highest in the red room and in the ravine, as this is where both main characters are driven to panicking hysterically here. The physical state of the places affects their emotional state. .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .postImageUrl , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:hover , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:visited , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:active { border:0!important; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:active , .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4b1732dbccdef7668e092d77c5e7e7bf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Technology vs Humanity EssayThe structure of the two stories is similar in places but also variable. In The Whole Towns Sleeping opening there is a description of the town, heat and Lavinia. In the town the sidewalks still scorched. The laid back atmosphere raises the self-assurance of the reader. Life appears to be as usual in Illinois. Lavinia and Francine meet and conversation of the Lonely One passes between them after grandma Hanolin warns them, Wont catch me out on no night like this. Just the same, Hattie McDollis was killed a month ago. And Roberta Ferry the month before. And now Eliza Ramsell has disappearedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The deaths mentioned build fear because they suggest the Lonely One may be around. In The Red Room opening, the plot and the theme of fear are introduced immediately with warnings, conversation and descriptions of the old people. Its your own choosing. The narrator meets each of the elderly people, the man with the withered arm, the man with the shade and the old woman. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And the door creaked on its hingesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The mood is promptly odd and peculiar. The hostility continues to build as the old people repeat their warnings. I said ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ its your own choosing. In both The Red Room and The Whole Towns Sleeping the main characters relate to the past. In The Red Room the narrator thinks of where his predecessor died. Here it was, thought I, that my predecessor was found, and the memory of that story gave me a sudden twinge of apprehension. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦In which the young duke had died. Or, rather, in which he had begun his dying, for he had opened the door and fallen headlong down the steps I had just ascended. The thoughts of others dying where the narrator was standing cause uneasiness in the reader. In The Whole Towns Sleeping, Lavinia associates her experience with a childhood story. Remember that old ghost story you told each other when you were children? The effects of recalling this story are unforeseen. Lavinia scares herself so much she screams and creates the illusion that there was a man under the light. Both flashbacks make the main characters fearful. The middle of the two stories are mainly the journeys made. In The Red Room the narrator travels to and enter the red room. I entered, closed the door behind me at once. The apprehension increases as he checks the room and adds candles for reassurance. All through this part of the story the reader is informed of the narrators thoughts. By this time I was in a state of considerable nervous tension This mounts the tension because the reader knows that the narrator is now petrified. In The Whole Towns Sleeping middle, various suspects are introduced. All the minor characters cause uncertainty. Tom Dillon creates fear becau se we are not shown who he is at first. Hey, Im the Lonely One. This is the same with the man in the cinema and the children. Through the middle of the story, as the three make their journey, Helen and Francine are continuously nervous. Their actions do not appear to affect Lavinia until nearer the ending. There were lots of small climaxes throughout the stories. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the first is as they find Eliza dead, the next is the children. I am the Lonely One. I kill people, and then Tom Dillon. Both these two characters impersonate the Lonely One, which builds the fear. In The Red Room, there are also a few small climaxes, building up to the main climax. For example when the narrator hears a noise. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Listening to a rustling I fancied I heardÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This creates fear in the reader because it gives the impression he is not alone. The two main climaxes in The Whole Towns Sleeping are Lavinia crossing the ravine, panicking and thinking someone is following her. Faster. Faster. She went down the steps. Run! and when Lavinia reaches home and thinks she is safe, but it is a false illusion. The highest point of tension in The Red Room happens in the red room, as the candles start to go out and do not relight. The narrator panics, frantically trying to relight them, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦candle in the alcove suddenly went outÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦The flame vanished, as if the wicks had been suddenly nipped between a finger and thumbÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Again Wells is describing it as if the narrator is not alone, leaving the reader to wonder whether there is a ghost or not. The ending of The Red Room is totally different to the rest of the story. There is no tension at all, it seems to have returned to reality. It is the next morning and the narrator with the elderly people. He slowly recovers his memory and contemplates what had happened. The ending is still quite ambiguous even though the narrator gives an explanation. Was the narrator knocked out from falling down, or was he hit over the head? There is neither a ghost of earl nor a ghost of countess in that roomÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The twist in the story is that they believe it not to be a ghost, but Black Fear. This is the point at which Wells seems to let us know why he wrote the story, to show there was no ghosts in this incident ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ only fear. The ending of The Whole Towns Sleeping is also ambivalent, but much more of a cliffhanger. The reader is drawn into a false sense of security. Home. Oh, safe at home. Safe, safe and safe at homeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Safe, safe. Listen. Not a sound. Safe, safe, oh thank God, safe at home. Lavinia thinks she is home safely and that all is fine, this really builds the assurance of the reader. But there is also, as in The Red Room, a twist to the story. What? She aske d. What? What? Behind her, in the black living-room, someone cleared his throatÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The reader is left to assume the ending. Is it the Lonely One awaiting Lavinia, or is it a family member or friend? And also the reader is left to speculate if it was the Lonely One, who is he? There is a vast amount of descriptive language throughout both stories. Wells successfully uses his dense description of the elderly people to give them frightening features. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦A second man entered, more bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the firstÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teeth. The effect here makes the reader inhospitable in return to the old people. Their very existence was spectral; the cut of their clothing, fashions born in dead brains. This makes the elderly people seem very old fashioned. The archaic expressions and dialect inform the reader of the period in which the story is set. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And eight and twenty years you have lived and never seen the likes of this house, I reckon. The narrative voice and dialogue are much more formal in The Red Room than in The Whole Towns Sleeping. Hattie McDollis walked off with a travelling man, I bet. But the others ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ strangled ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ four of them, their tongues sticking out their mouths, they say. This is a bit of typical conversation passing between Lavinia and Francine. It shows the characters are relaxed with each other. Bradbury also uses imagery, but more often than Wells. In the downtown drugstore, fans whispered in the high ceiling air. They called back through the soft ocean of darkness. The personification sets the atmosphere as cool making the reader more confident so the later scare seems more intense. The metaphor also emphasizes the soft darkness. Bradbury uses plenty of descriptive language about the town. The little town was deep far away from everything, kept to itself by a river and a forest and a ravine. This description sets the scene. It is relaxing and calm and makes the characters seem distant from the town. In Lavinias dialogue her braveness comes across. BoshÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Lets walk the short cut. There are about eight minor characters in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot;. Each individually adds to the fear. The first character we meet is Francine. Francine sobbed again and walked on. Francine is doubting and easily upset, she screams and cries often. This fragile character adds to the anxiety because she reminds the reader there is something to be scared of. Other characters we meet are the children. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦A voice was murmuring, I am the lonely oneÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦and Im Eliza Ramsell. The children are frightening characters to begin with because we are dubious of whom they are. They bring back memories of the dead Eliza Ramsell. Next introduced is Helen. Alike Francine she is also doubting and very negative. .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .postImageUrl , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:hover , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:visited , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:active { border:0!important; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:active , .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3 .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a66ba8161ac281d39090ebfc5aae0c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Charlotte O'Neil's Song be described as a protest song EssayHelen turned slowly and glanced back. Im calling the managerÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Stop the film! Lights! Helen made a big commotion in the cinema, after being over cautious. Tom Dillon is a very alarming character to the reader for several reasons. A shadow fell across their faces. A figure loomed. Again the reader is unsure of whom he is. Tom Dillon portrays himself as the Lonely One. Hey, Im the Lonely One! Bradbury uses him to again remind us the Lonely One is still out there and could be anyone. He causes the three women to panic and fuss. The druggist brings news to the three women that a man wa s asking after Lavinia. He is cautious with what he says. I heard a minute ago, I suddenly thought, whatve I done! This makes the women paranoid, which makes the reader paranoid. To me the druggist is a very probable suspect, for instance how did he know about Eliza Ramsell being dead so soon after the incident? The man in the suit, who is the theatre managers brother, is a very menacing character to Helen. The fear has built up in her mind and this is where it comes across to the reader. Officer Kennedy is also a very traumatic character to Lavinia and the reader. The man was singing Shine on Harvest Moon, and he carried a long club in his hand. Officer Kennedy is introduced when Lavinia is alone and he carried a long club that she assumed was a weapon. Yes, she thought, but I wont walk the ravine with any man. How do I know who the Lonely One is? When Lavinia realises who he is she still cannot be sure or safe. Total paranoia is established. The minor character that links between the two different stories is Grandma Hanolin. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; Grandma Hanolin introduces the plot, she announces to the reader that life is not as usual. Wont catch me out on no night like this, wailed Grandma Hanolin, Not with the Lonely One strangling women. Lock myself in with my gun! Grandma is comparable to the old woman, the man with the withered arm and the man with the shade because she is an elderly character and alike the old people in quot;The Red Roomquot; she warns the main character. In quot;The Red Roomquot;, Wells only introduces 3 other characters. Each of these exclusively adds to the fear. The first we meet is the man with the withered arm. He seems to be hostile and unfriendly. It is your own choosing, said the man with the withered arm, and glanced at me askance. He repeats It is your own choosing three times. This warning creates a tense unwelcoming atmosphere. Another character we meet is the old woman. The old woman sat staring hard into the fire, her pale eyes wide openÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦a many thing to see and sorrow for. The womans colourless eyes give the reader the impression she has seen a ghost. She also repeats a warning, This night of all nights! Their vague warnings make the reader dubious. The most frightening character is the man with the shade. He is introduced with the spooky noise of his stick and a shambling step on the flags. Wells uses a dense description to describe him, giving him abnormal looks. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦More bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the first. He supported himself by a single crutch, his eyes were covered by a shade, and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teeth. The mans queer looks help the reader to realise how peculiar the whole scene is. The three characters words, actions and looks affect the reader. The three of them made me feel uncomfortable, and with their gaunt silences, their bent carriage, their evident unfriendliness to me and to one another. This also makes the reader feel uncomfortable, as if the old people are almost rejecting them. The elderly people also seem to be curious as to why exactly he is there. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦And threw his head back for a moment and sideways, to see me. The next morning the people behave totally different to the narrator, creating a friendlier more relaxed atmosphere. He spoke no longer as one who greets an intruder, but as one who grieves for a broken friend. The old people seem concerned, agreeable and willing to listen, but also still a bit reserved. They clarify their own ideas and show acceptance on the narrators idea that it is fear. The two main characters, Lavinia and the narrator, tend to be very similar throughout the story. Their confidence rises and mounts at various points, causing the readers firmness to do the same. Lavinia Nebbs, aged thirty-sevenÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The reader is given information on Lavinia to make them confident. Bradbury portrays Lavinia as a strong, confident character. I insist. I wont go home and brood over it. I wont think of it. Ill fill my mind with everything else but. She is very sure of herself boosting the readers self-assurance. Lavinia, as cool as mint ice cream, took the other womans arm and led her down the winding pathÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Lavinia appears a very laid back but sometimes seems to show-off. I can see a thing and tell myself I never saw it, thats how strong I am. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the narrator also appears a very confident character. I can assure you, said I, that it will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me. The reader is not given any background information on the narrator, except he is twenty-eight years of age. This allows the readers to position themselves in the narrators place. We are not even told if the narrator is a male or a female, but looking at the historical and social background of the time the story was set I assume it is a man. In quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; and in quot;The Red Roomquot;, both Lavinia and the narrator ignore the elderly peoples warnings. The two characters confidence inclines and declines throughout the story. Their courage is high to begin with then rapidly decreases at the end. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the narrator enters the red room clear minded. I resolved to make a systematic examination of the place at onceÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Similarly in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot;, Lavinia enters the ravine optimistically. Three minutes from now, she thought, Ill be putting my key in my house door. Nothing can happen in just one hundred and eighty seconds. This again builds the confidence of the reader, but as soon as the reader sees the character begin to panic, they will do the same. Lavinia becomes hysterical. She heard music. In a mad way, a silly way, she heard the huge surge of music that pounded at her, and she realized as she ran ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ as she ran in panic and terrorÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ In the same way, the narrator in quot;The Red Roomquot; finds the whole scenario overwhelming. I flung out my arms in a vain effort to thrust that ponderous blackness away from me, and, lifting up my voice, screamed with all my mightÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The main characters panicking so madly creates a huge rush of fear for the reader. Throughout the two stories, the characters both treat their situations as adventures and are determined to overcome any fears they may have. The Lonely One in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; is the main cause for so much fear. The Lonely One is an anonymous character, no one has seen him knows anything about him. The Lonely One not being visible creates tension. The characters in the story know the Lonely One is not a ghost and exists because of the physical manifestation he leaves behind. In quot;The Red Roomquot; the supposed ghost, eventually believed to be black fear is the main cause for the theme of fear. It is unknown whether the ghost exists, and alike in quot;The Whole Townquot;s Sleepingquot; tension is composed by it not being visible. I think the authors H. G. Wells and Ray Bradbury both successfully created a sense of fear in their readers. Although the stories were very different, they set out to compose this fear in the same ways. For example both authors used minor characters to warn the main characters, they both had a similar structure and both used plenty of descriptive language.